How do we define happiness? It’s a query that has baffled great minds for thousands of years, and yet it remains as elusive as ever. In our contemporary life, where we’re always bombarded with images of the "perfect life," figuring out what happiness means can appear as chasing a mirage. But fear not, philosophers has been pondering this inquiry for centuries, and examining its history can reveal valuable insights into the real meaning of happiness.
The Greeks of antiquity were some of the first to seriously consider the notion of happiness. The philosopher Aristotle, for example, suggested that true happiness, or "flourishing," is achieved through being virtuous and living up to one’s abilities. He argued that happiness isn’t just a fleeting emotion but a state of being that results from living a well-rounded and intentional life. In contrast, the philosopher Epicurus championed a simplified take, claiming that happiness is found in the quest for pleasure and the reduction of suffering—though, unlike what many believe, he appreciated the joys of the mind and spirit over simple bodily pleasures.
Moving into the modern era, and the question of happiness continues to evolve. Contemporary philosophers like Sartre suggested that happiness is personal and tied to personal freedom, while others, like utilitarians, suggest that happiness can be evaluated by maximizing well-being for the most people. The wonder of philosophy is that it doesn’t offer a one-size-fits-all answer. Instead, it gives different viewpoints, inspiring us to reflect on what happiness means to each person. In a culture focused on success and material wealth, philosophy shows us that happiness is a personal experience, not philosophy a final goal.